Throughout history, this department has suffered a great amount of population instability, especially in colonial times, due to the advance of the Brazilian "bandeirantes" through the east and the attacks of the Mbayá – Guaicurú natives of Chaco, which, by then, were the rulers of that region.

During the later years of the colony, it was organized a great campaign to re-conquest the invaded territories with the intention of defending by populating the region and also with the important task of the Jesuit that founded the city of Belén, of creating a Mission with the Mbayá natives, in the year 1760.

During the governments of Francia and López, the populating process got stronger and the north area of Paraguay became a territory dedicated to cattle.

Once the Paraguayan War was over, Concepción united with Amambay, constituting a great territory for forestall and yerba plantations.

In the Twentieth Century, Concepción was proclaimed to be the second most important city of the country and it became an active commercial center.

Concepción is located in the northern part of the western region of Paraguay, between the parallels 22°00′ and 23°30′ South and meridians 58°00′ and 56°06′ West.

The Paraguay river runs to the west of Concepción along with the minor rivers Apa, Aquidabán and Ypané, and the streams that bathe the territory are: Estrella, Sirena, Apamí, Primero, Quiensabe, Negla, Trementina, Chacalnica, Tapyanguá, Pitanohaga, Guazú, Mbui'i, Ypanemí, Capiibary, Mboi Guazú.

Deforestation is a big problem in this department because of the continuous advance of human activity, creating a great shock to the natural resources of the region.

Some of the protected areas are: In agriculture, the most important products are: cotton, sugar cane, maize, sesame seed, wheat and manioc.

The Paraguay River is the most important waterway, because is navigable most of the territory that coasts Concepción, almost 230 km.

Francisco Solano López Airport is located in Concepción City and there are more airways in other districts, and also in the most important cattle establishments.

In FM are: Vallemí, Itá Porá, Aquidabán, Los Ángeles, Continental, Belén, Norte Comunicaciones, among others.

Trébol, Timbó, Red Quebracho, Karanda, Palo Blanco, Juasy'y Guazú, Urundey-mi, Kurupa'y, Curuñi, and Jata'i can be found in the forests; in the meadows, there are Arasupe; and in palm fields, Karanday.

The Primavera Country House, by the Aquidabán River, has beautiful beaches and lagoons, where people can go camping or ride horses, as well as do outings.

The Ña Blanca Country House, by the Tagatija Guazú, is the center attraction, a stream of crystal clear water, with small waterfalls, where tourists can go swimming and camping.

The JM Ranch has an ample beach by the river and is a nice place to enjoy camping and fishing.