[1] Quakers, Mennonites, Baháʼís, Buddhists, Jehovah's Witnesses, Seventh Day Adventists and Haredim Jews all practice conscientious objection for reasons of faith.

During the Centenary of the Military Service Act, which was the first in the world to enshrine the right to conscientious objection in law, the organisation introduced a 'Taxes for Peace' bill to the British Parliament, which seeks to extend the 100 year old conscience clause into the tax system.

PSLG aimed to deliver a more consistent approach to the formulation and implementation of policies which promote global peace and security.

Conscience was singled out for the award because of its work campaigning for the right of conscientious objection to be recognised in British tax law, and its promotion of peaceful methods of conflict resolution as an alternative to warfare.

The award was presented by then Labour Prime Minister Gordon Brown at 10 Downing Street[10] Other winners have included the White Ribbon Campaign, and Action on South Africa (ACTSA).

The organisation moved towards campaigning for national security based upon soft (persuasive cultural), rather than hard (violent or economic), power.

He received criticism from Conservative Lord Tebbit who said "The idea that we can pick and choose where our taxes are spent is just plain silly".

Criticism also came from Labour's then deputy election co-ordinator, Fraser Kemp who said "For Oliver Letwin to consider something that could threaten the defence of the realm is unbelievable".

[22] The CSSF funds a broader range of activities to help prevent conflict that affects vulnerable people in the world's poorest countries, and tackle threats to British security and interests from instability overseas.

This will include actions the UK delivers directly or through third parties to help prevent conflict and instability, and support post-conflict reconciliation.

[24] Because modern wars are no longer fought with conscripted armies, but with highly trained professional armies using high-tech weapons, paid for with taxes, and given Conscience's roots in the conscientious objection movement,[25] the organisation believes that individuals are effectively conscripted into warfare through their tax money being used for military activity.

On 2 March 2016, a century to the day after the introduction of the Military Service Act, Conscience launched the Taxes for Peace Bill in the British Parliament.