'Holy Community Hope of Israel'), is a Sephardic Orthodox Jewish synagogue located at 44 North Fourth Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in the United States.

Desiring a dedicated place for burial, he applied to John Penn, Pennsylvania's colonial proprietor, for "a small piece of ground" with permission to make it a family cemetery.

[6] Mikveh Israel counted among its members revolutionary patriots including Jonas Phillips, the Gratz family, and Haym Solomon who financed the war.

Gershom Mendes Seixas (1745-1816) was minister of Congregation Shearith Israel in Manhattan when the British occupied New York City during the Revolutionary War in 1776.

Prominent Philadelphians including Benjamin Franklin and Robert Morris contributed to its building fund[7] along with local merchant and synagogue member Ephraim Hart who would later organize the Board of Stock-Brokers.

[9] At the dedication, Seixas invoked heaven's blessing upon "the members of these states in Congress assembled and on His Excellency George Washington, commander general of these Colonies.

Cohen was replaced in 1814 by Emanuel Nunes Carvalho (1771-1817) who had emigrated from Britain to Barbados to Charleston, South Carolina before being called to Mikveh Israel.

Carvalho published A Key to the Hebrew Tongue (Philadelphia, 1815) and his A Sermon, preached on Sunday, July 7, 1816, on Occasion of the Death of the Rev.

Leeser was one of a small number of rabbis who defended orthodox practices against the growth of Reform Judaism in the mid-nineteenth century United States.

He was an opponent of slavery prior to the Civil War and encouraged the creation of the Ladies' Hebrew Association for the Relief of Sick and Wounded Union Soldiers in May 1863.

Mikveh Israel members started Dropsie College, the first post-graduate institution for Jewish learning in the world in 1907, bringing Cyrus Adler to Philadelphia.

Leon Haim Elmaleh (1873–1972) came to Mikveh Israel as religious leader in 1898 and served until 1929 when he became Reverend Emeritus until his death.

Leading women of the congregation established a work room in the adjoining Gratz College building where one day a week they made surgical garments and collected supplies.

A 1981 fire damaged part of Dropsie College's building and the school eventually relocated to Temple Adath Israel in Merion in 1984.

The planned redevelopment of the blocks near Independence Hall and the congregation's original locations encouraged Mikveh Israel to return to the city's historic area.

Members had pledged $250,000 by spring 1961 and Christ Church donated $1,000 to the building fund to support and welcome the synagogue's return.

The new building was instead designed by the architectural firm Harbeson, Hough, Livingston & Larson[36] on a more modest scale, and shared with the nascent National Museum of American Jewish History.

The fifth building was dedicated and opened on July 4, 1976 [37][38] Rabbi Joshua Toledano (1944–2013) came to Mikveh Israel as minister in the early 1980s, and served until 1988 when he left to start the Mekor Baruch Center in Lower Merion.

[44] Mikveh Israel is an active synagogue with 200 families and is a member of the Center City Kehilla[45] and regularly hosts Sephardic heritage cultural and educational events.

Benjamin Netanyahu attended the 1986 dedication of the memorial as Deputy Ambassador to the United States and visited again in 2016 to mark the fortieth anniversary of his brother's death.

[48] The National Museum of American Jewish History moved to its own building on the southeast corner of 5th and Market Streets on November 15, 2010.

[49] Uriah P. Levy (1792–1862), who would be the first Jewish Commodore in the United States Navy, grew up in Philadelphia and celebrated his bar mitzvah at Mikveh Israel in 1807.