[5] The Spaniards evidently commended the Filipinos' military service, citing them as excellent soldiers in campaigns such as the taking of Ternate.
[4] During the first phase of the Philippine Revolution (1896-1897), more than 17,000 native Filipinos were in the Spanish order of battle, 60% of which were made up of members of the Guardia Civil.
[6] Conscription was introduced prior to World War II during the Philippine Commonwealth in 1935 with a term of enlistment of 5 and a half months.
He therefore curtailed MacArthur's military preparedness program by halting conscription and reducing by half the number of reserves in training.
[14] In January 2022, before her election as Vice President, Sara Duterte called for mandatory conscription for all Filipinos above 18 years of age.