[2] What consequentialist libertarians advocate is derived through cost–benefit calculation, taking a broad account of consequences.
[3] It is contrasted with deontological libertarianism which considers the initiation of force and fraud to be immoral, regardless of consequences.
[4][5] Unlike deontological libertarians, consequentialist libertarians do not necessarily see all cases of initiation of force as immoral and do not see it as inherently immoral (i.e., they do not express a belief in natural rights).
Rather, their position is that political and economic liberty lead to the best consequences in the form of happiness and prosperity and for that reason alone it should be supported.
[8] Particular views vary among consequentialist libertarians, with political theorist David D. Friedman supporting a consequentialist form of anarcho-capitalism where the content of law is bought and sold rather than there being an established legal code forbidding initiation of force.