At the 2010 census there were 20,564 people, 6,969 households, and 5,362 families living in the township.

18.5% of households were made up of individuals, and 6.1% were one person aged 65 or older.

At the 2000 census there were 15,205 people, 5,101 households, and 4,050 families living in the township.

16.3% of households were made up of individuals, and 5.8% were one person aged 65 or older.

According to the Trewartha climate classification system, Coolbaugh Township has a Temperate Continental climate (Dc) with warm summers (b), cold winters (o) and year-around precipitation (Dcbo).

Since 1981, the wettest calendar day was 6.74 inches (171 mm) on September 30, 2010.

During the winter months, the plant hardiness zone is 5b, with an average annual extreme minimum air temperature of −14.3 °F (−26 °C).

Ice storms and large snowstorms depositing ≥ 12 inches (30 cm) of snow occur nearly every year, particularly during nor’easters from December through March.

[10] Interstate 380 is the most prominent highway serving Coolbaugh Township.

PA 435 begins at I-380 in the northwest corner of the township and heads northwestward.

Pocono Mountains Municipal Airport is located between I-380 and PA 611 in the southeastern corner of the township.

The plant hardiness zone is 5b with an average annual extreme minimum air temperature of −14.3 °F (−26 °C).