[3] C. arborea plays host to several species of New Zealand endemic moth including Izatha austera, I. churtoni, I. mesoschista and I.

The gathered berries were placed in specially woven baskets (called pū tutu)[1] lined with the flower heads of Toetoe, acting as a sieve to separate the poisonous seeds from the squeezed juice.

The extracted juice is used as a sweetener to foods such as fernroot or was boiled together with seaweed and left to set as a black jelly called Rehia.

He said he did not actually eat any of the plant because of the revolting taste, but within hours he had multiple tonic-clonic seizures (one of which dislocated his arm) along with labored breathing.

[8] Honey becomes contaminated when bees collect honeydew secreted by the passionvine hopper insect that feeds off the tutu plant.