Costard (apple)

He described the "gray" as a good winter apple, whitish in colour and stated the "greene" was similar apart from coloration of the skin.

Leonard Meager in his 1670 work the Complete English Gardener stated there were three types: white, grey and red.

[11][9] The name is possibly derived from the Latin costatus ("ribbed"), relating to prominent external protrusions on this variety.

[13] Samuel Johnson in his 1755 A Dictionary of the English Language thought that the name derived from the use of costard to refer to the head (for which he cited Shakespeare).

[6] Shakespeare uses the term in scene IV of act I of Richard III (1593) where one of the murderers suggests hitting the Duke of Clarence over the head with their sword hilts.