Cowpens is a town in Spartanburg County, South Carolina, United States.

[6] The community was named on account of pens for cattle near the original town site.

The Cowpens Depot, built in 1896, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.

[10] It lies in the upland Carolina Piedmont region, approximately 9 mi (15 km) from the center of the county seat, Spartanburg.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 2.3 square miles (6.0 km2), all land.

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 2,023 people, 843 households, and 537 families residing in the town.