As of the 2011 Census of Bangladesh, Cox's Bazar Sadar upazila had a population of 417,365.

At the 1991 Bangladesh census, Cox's Bazar Sadar had a population of 253,788, of whom 117,509 were aged 18 or older.

[6] In 1854, the Cox's Bazar police station and the Town Committee in 1959 were formed.

Cox's Bazar Sadar Upazila is divided into Cox's Bazar Municipality and 10 union parishads: Chowfaldandi, Eidgaon, Islamabad, Islampur, Jalalabad, Jhilongjha, Khurushkhul, Pmkhali, Pokkhali and Varuakhali.

[2] Cox's Bazar Municipality is subdivided into 12 wards and 97 mahallas.