The crimson-backed tanager (Ramphocelus dimidiatus) is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae.

Mitochondrial DNA evidence indicates its closest relative is the masked crimson tanager (R. nigrogularis), and the two split around 800,000 years ago.

[4] Measuring around 18 cm (7.1 in) in length, the adult male has a silver sheen on its lower mandible.

[6] It is found in northern and western Colombia (south to Chocó where it is uncommon[6]), the Maracaibo Basin in Venezuela,[5] and over most of Panama, where it extends to Chiriquí and Veraguas Provinces in the west of the country, as well as Coiba, where it is abundant, and Pearl Islands.

[5] A nest with a clutch of two blue eggs with fine dark dots has been recorded.