He was Chief of Staff of the Treasury under former Minister Hernán Büchi, and was the executive director of the Instituto Libertad y Desarrollo.

From that position, he advised the National Congress on a wide range of policy subjects and he is a member of several commissions, such as the one that led to the General Education Law as well as the new Corporate Governance agreement for Codelco.

Since assuming as Head of Advisors to the Presidency of the Republic during the second administration of Sebastián Piñera, Cristián Larroulet's performance received public criticism.

Most critics described him as exerting an excessive and uncontested influence in key government decisions,[6][7][8] pointed to his alleged efforts in defending the neoliberal paradigm within the Piñera government after the Chilean Protests from October 2019,[9] and to his refusal to make "ideological concessions" to provide state aid in the frame of the Coronavirus Pandemic[10] in Chile.

"[14][15] Following a televised debate of the Chile Vamos 2021 presidential primaries it was noted by El Mostrador that association to Larroulet had effectively become a smear among right-wing candidates.