From 1996 to 1998, he was a founding vice president of the Mehedinți County National Liberal Youth (TNL) chapter, also sitting on its permanent bureau from 1996 to 2000.

That year, he became vice president of the Timiș County party chapter[1] and, although close to the Liberals' Tăriceanu faction, gained the backing of its Crin Antonescu-led wing as well.

At the 2004 legislative election (following which his former boss Tăriceanu, by then PNL president, became Prime Minister), he won a seat in the Chamber of Deputies, where he sat on the health and family committee and formed part of the Romanian Parliament's delegation to the Assembly of the Western European Union.

[6] In June 2013, Bușoi was named head of Romania's National Health Insurance Fund, subsequently resigning from the European Parliament.

[11] In June 2019, following the party's poor performance in the capital city at the European Parliament election, he resigned from the Bucharest chapter leadership.

[13] Since 2007, Bușoi has belonged to the governing board of the Institute for Liberal Studies in Bucharest, and from 1999 to 2002, he was founding president of the Youth for the 21st Century association in his native city.

He is the author of Reforma liberală a serviciilor de educație în România ("Liberal Reform of Educational Services in Romania"; 2000) and of a 2008 guide to the Lisbon Treaty.