It has participated in all multiparty elections held in Bosnia and Herzegovina since 1991.

It regularly won the support of the Croat electorate up to 2000 and took part in forming the government.

In the October 2002 general election, the party was part of the "Croatian Coalition" (Hrvatska koalicija) which won 9.5% of the popular vote and five out of 42 seats in the national House of Representatives and 16 of the 98 seats in the Federal House of Representatives.

Throughout its history, the HDZ BiH has had nine presidents, the current one being Dragan Čović since 5 June 2005.

[5] Four of the six Croat members of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina have come from the party, the most recent one also being Čović, serving in office from 2014 until 2018.