James Mascall Morrison Crombie

His first publication was a small volume on the natural history Braemar in 1861.

[4] In 1879, Crombie was hired as a lecturer on botany at St Mary's Hospital Medical School, where he continued his studies on lichens.

He determined specimens brought to him by travelers, and he delved into the herbaria of Johann Jacob Dillenius and William Withering.

Crombie, along with his friend William Nylander, rejected the symbiotic theory of lichens, which he passionate wrote about.

Articles attributed to this author are designated by the initials "J. M. C." Between 1861 and 1901, Crombie had over 50 published contributions on British lichens, including accounts on those of Epping Forest, Middlesex, and Norfolk.

Drawing of Ptychographa xylographoides by Crombie, published in an 1874 issue of the Journal of Botany, British and Foreign