[1] The Al Sauds went into exile and took refuge in multiple Arab states of the Persian Gulf[2][3] for nearly a decade.

[2] After the defeat at the battle of Sarif in 1900, Abdul Rahman bin Faisal gave up all ambitions to recover his patrimony.

Throughout the early 1900s, the Al Sauds went on multiple raiding expeditions and wars of conquest to attempt to regain Nejd from the Rashidis.

The Al Sauds went on to expand their borders out of Nejd and established multiple iterations of the third Saudi state.

Many years before, King Abdulaziz recognized Faisal as the most brilliant of his sons and gave him multiple responsibilities in war and diplomacy.

His last words to his two sons, the future King Saud and the next in line Prince Faisal, who were already battling each other, were "You are brothers, unite!

[12] Saud was often associated among other things with the plundering of oil revenues, luxurious palaces, and conspiracy inside and outside of Saudi Arabia while Faisal was associated with sobriety, piety, puritanism, thriftiness, and modernization.

In November, the ulema, cabinet and senior members of the ruling family forced Saud to abdicate altogether, and Faisal became king in his own right.

[15][16][17] On 6 January 1965, Saud went to the palace with his uncle Abdullah bin Abdul Rahman to declare his allegiance to King Faisal.

In January 2015, King Abdulaziz's last son, Muqrin, became crown prince, only to be ousted three months later in favour of his nephew, Mohammed bin Nayef.

[22][23][24] The honorific title of "Second Deputy Prime Minister" goes back to 1967, in order to designate who was the senior prince not excluded from the throne.

In March 1965, under pressure from King Faisal and the House of Saud, crown prince Mohammed stepped down as heir apparent to the Saudi throne.

As King Khalid became ill with old age, the question of who would succeed Abdullah as the second deputy prime minister became more pressing.