Cuéllar (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkweʎaɾ]) is a municipality in the Province of Segovia, within the autonomous community of Castile and León, Spain.

Inhabitants of Cuéllar traditionally grow different crops (such as cereals, vegetables, chicory, legumes, and beets) and raise livestock, including pigs, sheep, and cows.

[1] In the 13th century, Cuéllar was one of the most important towns in northern Spain,[citation needed] and the wool trade enriched the local economy.

Queen María de Molina, Sancho IV of Castile's wife, inherited the town after her husband's death.

The marriage was a fraud[clarification needed] because the King was unlawfully divorced from his former wife and because he deserted Doña Juana after their wedding night.

In 1464, King Henry IV of Castile gave the town as a lordship to his favorite nobleman, Beltrán de La Cueva, the first Duke of Alburquerque.

It was also a period of poverty, due to the decadence of the wool trade, the taxes to pay for prior wars, and the various plagues that ravaged the country.

Espronceda wrote the novel Sancho Saldaña o el Castellano de Cuéllar when he lived near the church of Santo Tomé.

During the Spanish Civil War, the town remained part of the country controlled by nationalist forces, so its churches were preserved from destruction.

It is bordered to the north by Bahabón, Campaspero, Torrescárcela and Viloria, all in the province of Valladolid; to the west by Chañe, Arroyo de Cuéllar, Samboal, San Cristóbal de Cuéllar and Vallelado; to the south by Gomezserracín, Pinarejos, Samboal, San Martín y Mudrián and Sanchonuño and to the east by Frumales and Olombrada, all in the province of Segovia.

[3] Due to its location in the centre of the northern plateau, it has a gentle topography, except in the large gorge that delimits its municipal area along with the river Cega.