[8] Before the end of the 18th century, Ewé Fon/Adja people had also arrived in Cuba, where their traditions produced Arará, a religion found predominantly in western and central parts of the island.
[10] During the 18th century, small numbers of enslaved Africans escaped the French colony of Saint-Domingue—which later became Haiti—and fled to eastern Cuba, where they settled in forested areas around the Sierra Maestra.
[12] The use of spirits contained in bottles and other vessels, for example, could be found in both Haitian Vodou and Cuban Palo, reflecting a common origin in Kongo practices.
[17] As recorded in the early 21st century, Haitian Vodou as practiced in Oriente contained various elements familiar from Haiti, including the veneration of lwa spirits who can be divided into various nanchon (nations), namely the Rada and the Petwo.
[19] Isolated rural spaces in the Sierra Maestra were often favored for the practice of Vodou rituals, but places were also active in the cities of Santiago, Guantánamo, and Las Tunas.
[21] Dodson believed that engaging in the construction of Vodou sacred spaces and rituals helped "to maintain consciousness of a distinct Haitian cultural identity" in Cuba.
[24] In Cuba, Haitian Vodou is primarily practised in eastern parts of the island, especially in the mountain communities of the Sierra Maestra.