It is on the Cherwell Valley Line between Didcot Parkway and Banbury, 56 miles 17 chains (90.5 km) from London Paddington.

It is served by local train services provided by Great Western Railway.

It is close to Culham Science Centre, an 80-hectare (200-acre) scientific research site housing two nuclear fusion experiments: JET and MAST.

The Science Centre was built on the site of RNAS Culham (HMS Hornbill), a World War II airfield.

The Great Western Railway opened the station on the Didcot – Oxford line as Abingdon Road on 12 June 1844.