With conducive environmental conditions, the storm intensified to reach peak sustained winds of 155 km/h (95 mph) on June 2, based on analysis by the India Meteorological Department (IMD).

Toward the end of May 2010, a surge in the monsoon produced widespread convection, or thunderstorms, off the southwest coast of India in the southeastern Arabian Sea.

[5] As the wind shear decreased, the convection increased further, and the IMD upgraded the system to a deep depression at 00:00 UTC on June 1.

[2] An eye became evident during a Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) pass of the storm; its appearance and the development of rainbands showed Phet was intensifying.

[6] Late on June 1, the JTWC upgraded the storm to the equivalent of a minimal hurricane, estimating 1 minute maximum sustained winds of 120 km/h (75 mph), after the eye became better defined and the tightly curved thunderstorm activity.

[9] Phet quickly intensified on June 2 as it developed a well-defined 55 km (35 mi) eye, fueled by outflow that was enhanced by a passing mid-latitude trough.

[10] Drier air from the Arabian Peninsula to the northwest disrupted the storm structure, which caused the eye to become cloud-covered, signaling weakening.

[11] Between 00:00–02:00 UTC on June 3, Phet made landfall in eastern Oman near Al Ashkharah, with winds between 110–120 km/h (70–75 mph) according to the IMD.

[15] Later that day, the JTWC downgraded Phet to tropical storm status,[16] and by early on June 5, increased wind shear had displaced the center from the convection.

[18] At 03:00 UTC on June 6, the IMD downgraded Phet further to depression status, assessing that the system made landfall at that intensity 12 hours later in southern Pakistan near Karachi.

[25] In the United Arab Emirates, officials activated rescue teams in the event of rough seas and floods from the storm,[22] and recommended that people stay away from the coast.

[27] Hospitals in Karachi, a city of 16 million people,[28] and coastal areas of Sindh were put on high alert amidst cyclone warnings.

[29][30] More than 102,000 people evacuated ahead of Phet's landfall with the assistance of the Pakistani Armed Forces,[31][32] including 60,000 along the coast in Sindh province.

[37] During its passage, Phet dropped 472 mm (18.6 in) of rainfall and produced winds of 157 km/h (98 mph) on Oman's offshore Masirah Island.

[42] According to Oman's National Committee for Civil Defence, Phet killed 16 people in the country,[20] although the IMD reported the death toll at 24.

[41] The Omani Charity Organisation organized a convoy of 22 trucks, which carried water and food to storm victims, including in and around Muscat.

[43] The passage of Phet and subsequent storms led to the Omani government researching into building a fixed link with the offshore Masirah Island.

[24] Responding to the floods in Sur, the Omani government hired the Strabag construction company to build a new 1.2 km (0.75 mi) earthen dam across Wadi Rafsah.

[41] Along the Makran coast, heavy rainfall washed away hundreds of houses, leaving residents to ride out the storm along adjacent hillsides.

[35] Between Jiwani and Gwadar, Phet's rains washed away a bridge and damaged several portions of the Makran Coastal Highway,[35] while also halting service for Pakistan Railways.

[57] These relief camps were also opened in schools to service as temporary hospitals,[52] with 24 medical teams dispatched by the government to help injured residents.

[60] The Pakistani military helped in search and rescue missions,[50] and also traveled by air and sea to bring emergency blankets, tents, and medicine to damaged coastal towns.

[47][58][32][53] Responding to the storm damage, the Save the Children organization sent supplies to its Hyderabad office, including medical kits for two weeks of care for 8,000 people, as well as 34,000 water purification tablets.

[62] While Phet moved ashore Pakistan, its convection spread ahead of the center into India, bringing heavy rainfall up to 180 mm (7.1 in) in western Rajasthan.

The rains helped alleviate drought conditions, but the associated floods killed several animals, including 11 chinkaras and 35 blackbucks,[2] and many livestock.