Czechoslovakia made its Paralympic Games début at the 1972 Summer Paralympics in Heidelberg, where it was one of just four Eastern Bloc nations competing (the other three being Hungary, Poland and Romania).

Czechoslovakia sent a delegation of nineteen athletes, who all competed in track and field, and won a single bronze medal in the shot put.

Thus the country ranks fifty-fourth on the all-time Paralympic Games medal table (behind both of its successor states).

[4] Only four Czechoslovaks have won gold medals at the Paralympic Games.

Eva Lemezová is the country's most successful Paralympian, having won three gold medals in women's alpine skiing in 1976, as well as a silver in 1980.