It is bordered by the provinces of Monte Cristi to the north, Santiago Rodríguez to the south, Elías Piña to the south and the Nord-Est department of Haiti to the west.

It is located in the northwestern part of the country, and is surrounded by the provinces Monte Cristi (north), Santiago Rodríguez (east) and Elías Piña (south).

This river marks the Dominican-Haitian border from the city of Dajabón to its mouth.

Rice and banana are produced in the northern part of the province, and cattle raising is important in the savannas around the city of Dajabón.

Dajabon is the reputed birthplace of famed Latin American singer Angela Carrasco, although she claims to have been born in Santo Domingo.