[7] Calhoun left GE to join privately held global information services firm VNU as CEO in 2006.

Under his leadership, the company rebranded itself as Nielsen Holdings, returned to the public markets in 2011, and was added to the S&P 500 Index in 2013.

[8] In 2014, Calhoun became executive chairman of Nielsen, and also joined The Blackstone Group as a Senior Managing Director and head of Private Equity Portfolio Operations.

[10][6] The company separated the roles of chairman and chief executive officer in the fall of 2019 so that Muilenburg could "implement changes to sharpen Boeing's focus on product and services safety", according to a press release.

[18][19] Boeing announced in March 2023 that Calhoun would not receive a $7 million performance-based bonus, which had been tied to getting the new widebody 777X into service by the end of 2023.

[18][20] In February 2023, Boeing awarded Calhoun an incentive of about $5.29 million in restricted stock units to "induce him to stay throughout the company's recovery".

In March 2023, Boeing announced Calhoun was being given shares worth $15 million that will vest in installments over three years.