Cameron has also coached in the international setting, including leading the Canada men's national under-18 ice hockey team to gold at the 2004 U-18 Junior World Cup.
On October 1, 1981, the Islanders traded Cameron and Bob Lorimer to the Colorado Rockies in exchange for the Rockies' first-round draft pick in the 1983 NHL entry draft, which the Islanders used to select future Hockey Hall of Famer Pat LaFontaine.
With Colorado, Cameron recorded 11 goals and 12 assists (23 points) in 66 games as the club failed to qualify for the 1982 Stanley Cup playoffs.
Cameron struggled in his second NHL season, as appeared in 35 games with the New Jersey Devils in 1982–83, scoring five goals and four assists (nine points).
Cameron also spent time with the Wichita Wind of the CHL, scoring 6 goals and 9 assists (15 points) in 25 games.
Cameron spent the entire 1983–84 season with the Devils, scoring 9 goals and 12 assists (21 points) in a career-high 67 games.
Cameron split the 1984–85 season with the Maine Mariners and the Moncton Golden Flames of the American Hockey League (AHL), where he had 8 goals and 17 assists (25 points) in 49 games.
In his first season with the club in 1997–98, the rebuilding team struggled, as they finished with a 20–39–7 record, earning 47 points and missing the playoffs.
Cameron moved on to the AHL's St. John's Maple Leafs as an assistant to head coach Al MacAdam in 1999–2000.
In his only season with the Maple Leafs, the club had a league-worst 23–45–8–4 record, earning only 58 points as St. John's finished well out of a playoff spot.
St. Michael's then lost in the Eastern Conference Finals for the second-straight year, as the Barrie Colts swept the Majors in four games.
The Majors comfortably defeated the Brampton Battalion in five games in the second round to reach the Eastern Conference Finals for the fourth-straight year, facing the Mississauga IceDogs.
The Senators saw a 26-point improvement in Cameron's first season with the team, finishing in first place in the East Division with a 47–21–7–5 record (106 points).
It also stood as the worst record in franchise history, with fans in Binghamton regularly chanting for Cameron's firing during home games throughout the season.
In the playoffs, the Majors swept the Belleville Bulls in the first round (allowing just one goal against), swept the Sudbury Wolves in the second round, then eliminated the Niagara IceDogs in the Eastern Conference Finals in five games to win the Bobby Orr Trophy as Eastern Conference champions.
In 2011, Cameron and Mark Reeds joined the staff of Paul MacLean with the Ottawa Senators as assistant coaches.
On March 22, 2016, Senators owner Eugene Melnyk expressed his disappointment with the team, including Cameron's decision to have backup goaltender Matt O'Connor start the first home game against Montreal, which Ottawa lost.
[14] Cameron returned as head coach of the team for the 2004 U-18 Junior World Cup (also held in Slovenia), leading Canada to the gold medal.
[15] Cameron was the head coach for Canada's men's national junior ice hockey team during the 2011 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships in Buffalo, New York, where the team earned the silver medal after losing 5–3 to Russia in the tournament finals.
[17] On July 21, 2021, he was named the head coach for Team Canada for the 2022 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships, replacing André Tourigny.