Between 1999 and 2003, Ramsden led the Treasury's work on whether the UK should join the Euro.

In June 2007, Ramsden joined the Treasury Board and in 2008 he was appointed Chief Economic Adviser.

Ramsden is a trustee of Pro-Bono Economics, a charity whose aim is to broker economists into the charitable sector to help on short and medium-term assignments, typically addressing questions around measurement, results and impact.

In 2019 he was appointed President of the Money Macro and Finance Society, succeeding Charles Goodhart.

He was knighted in the 2015 New Year Honours for services to economic policy making.