(1616 – 27 August 1679) was a Jesuit Catholic priest and martyr who was also known as Charles Baker and widely referred to in the Welsh language as Tad y Tlodion ("Father of the Poor").

In addition to his priestly ministry, Lewis stood accused of involvement in the Popish Plot, a regime change conspiracy theory concocted by Titus Oates and used by the dominant Whig political party as a pretext to launch an anti-Catholic moral panic and witch hunt during the Stuart Restoration.

[3] Lewis was canonized by Pope Paul VI in 1970 as one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales and is venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church.

He was brought for trial at the Lenten Assizes in Monmouth on 16 March 1679, on a charge of high treason – for having become a Catholic priest and then remaining in England, contrary to the Jesuits, etc.

The condemned priest was brought to Newgate Prison in London with John Kemble (Herefordshire) and questioned about the "plot".

Oates and his fellow informers William Bedloe, Stephen Dugdale and Miles Prance were unable to prove anything against him.

Lord Shaftesbury advised him that if he gave evidence at the trials of other defendants charged in the "plot" or renounced his Catholic faith by taking the Test Act, his life would be spared and he would be greatly rewarded.

It was a tribute to the esteem in which he was held that the crowd, mainly Protestants, insisted that he be allowed to hang until he was dead and receive a proper burial.