[3] Originally built during the Sasanian era,[4][5] the caravanserai underwent restorations and reconstructions during the Seljuk,[6][7] Safavid,[4][8] and Qajar[4][9] periods.

Inside, there are 44 rooms or chambers, four large halls (stables), a mosque, a private shabestan, a fodder barn, a gristmill, and bathroom facilities.

Additionally, there is a brick-and-clay fort-like structure approximately 500 meters east of the caravanserai, featuring a single entrance gate, and dating back to the Qajar era.

In The History of Qom by Hasan ibn Mohammad Qomi, it is similarly attributed to Anushiruwan, though the text suggests he did not build the original structure.

[10] According to Qomi, the king of Rûm sent a group of Amalek—the last of the ʿĀd tribe, known for their great stature—to Anushiruwan to serve him, and he appointed them to construct this structure.

During the reign of the Seljuk Sultan Sanjar (r. 1118–1157), the vizier Abu Nasr Ahmad Kashi repaired the road from Ray to Qom and restored the caravanserai.

During the Medes and Achaemenid eras, this location connected the eastern, northern, southern, and western regions, giving it strategic defensive importance.

This route began in the Chinese capital (Xi'an) and continued through Hotan and Kashgar, reaching Ray and Deir-e Gachin.

From there, it traveled through Saveh or Qazvin to Kermanshah and Hamadan, then on to Ctesiphon and Babylon, before continuing to Antakya on the Mediterranean coast.

[10] The architecture follows a four-iwan design, which includes 44 rooms or chambers, four large halls (stables), a mosque, a private shabestan, a fodder barn, a gristmill, and bathroom facilities.

Each chamber features a small iwan,[4] approximately 1 to 1.5 meters high, designed for the convenience of loading and unloading passengers' luggage, as well as enhancing the interior view of the structure.

There are holes in the walls between the iwans that serve as drawbars, allowing travelers to care for their animals in front of the rooms before moving them to the stables.

[4] The livestock spaces and stables are located behind the rooms, with L-shaped entrances designed to prevent animals from easily escaping if they run off.

This area, featuring a unique design and complete amenities, is the most aristocratic section of the caravanserai and was intended for high-ranking individuals.

Additionally, there is a brick-clay structure in the form of a fort, located 500 meters east of the caravanserai, which has only one entrance gate and dates back to the Qajar era.