Decio Vinciguerra (23 May 1856 – 5 October 1934) was an Italian physician and ichthyologist who for many years was Director of the Aquarium of Rome.
Immediately after graduating he was appointed assistant to the Chair of Zoology and Comparative Anatomy in the University of Genoa.
[2] Vinciguerra was a member of the Italian expedition to Tierra del Fuego in 1882 led by Giacomo Bove.
Although officially both zoologist and botanist, in fact Carlos Luigi Spegazzini from Buenos Aires handled the botanical work.
[1] In 1901 he was sent by the Ministry to the Red Sea, at the invitation of the Italian pearl society, to perform research and observations around the Dahlak Archipelago.
At the outbreak of World War I he was in Greece, where he organized fish breeding and made interesting studies on the Greek ichthyofauna.
[5] During the course of his long career he published 210 papers on ichthyology and fisheries, bringing him wide recognition in Italy and other countries.