The 40 kilometre-long[2] line from Delémont via Glovelier, Porrentruy and Boncourt and the French border to Delle was opened in three stages from 1872 and 1877.

With the cession of Alsace to the German Empire in 1871, Delle became the northernmost border station between Switzerland and France.

This connection with the rest of the Swiss standard gauge network also marked the beginning of a boom in rail traffic via the Delle border station.

The owner of the Delémont–Delle line changed its name several times in the next few years: the JB was renamed the Jura–Bern–Luzern (JBL) on 1 July 1884 and the JBL then merged with the Western Switzerland–Simplon Company (Compagnie de la Suisse Occidentale et du Simplon, SOS) on 1 January 1890 to form the Jura–Simplon Railway (Compagnie des Chemins de Fer Jura–Simplon, JS).

In order to avoid the additional customs clearances, trains were routed via Delle to Delémont and on to Basel or to Biel.

Rail traffic was resumed after the Second World War and Switzerland and France agreed to build a new border station in Delle in 1948.

On the French side, however, a downturn began and the last double-track section between Morvillars and Delle was dismantled in 1953 to reduce maintenance costs.

The costs of around CHF 1.3 million were primarily borne by the Franche-Comté region and the canton of Jura, with financial contributions from France, Switzerland, the EU, the RFF, the SBB, SNCF and the municipality of Delle.

Originally scheduled for the 2017 timetable change, the Belfort–Delle line has been reactivated and thus allows the route from Porrentruy to Belfort to be operated again.

Originally built as a five-pillar viaduct with steel trusses, it was reinforced with additional pillars between 1929 and 1930.