The album marked the first time in the band's career in which they had complete artistic control, producing it themselves after previously working under the supervision of Philadelphia soul architects Gamble and Huff.

The band had left their longtime label Motown in 1975 (except for brother Jermaine Jackson who had stayed with Motown after he married Berry Gordy's daughter, Hazel Gordy), and after a few years of being with Philly International, the Jacksons set their sights on one of Columbia Records' most popular labels, Epic.

Every song was credited to the Jacksons as a band or individually to Michael and Randy, with the exception of the lead single, "Blame It on the Boogie".

Like many of the acts that had left Motown, the Jacksons had to accept the possibility that they would no longer enjoy the same level of success they had while they were associated with the label—something Motown themselves reiterated upon hearing that longtime front man Michael Jackson had moved on to a full-fledged solo career following Destiny's release.

The album's artwork, painted by Gary Meyer, has Jackie, Tito, Michael, Randy, and Marlon on top of the word "DESTINY" (the album's title) carved in stone during a thunderstorm containing a whirlwind and stormy waters splashing against the "DESTINY" monolith.

In honor of its 30th anniversary, Destiny, including two bonus tracks of rare 12-inch disco mixes previously unavailable on CD, was released on January 27, 2009, on Epic/Legacy, a division of Sony Music Entertainment.