Devil fish

[4] The devil fish is the third largest species in the genus Mobula, after the oceanic and reef manta rays.

[5] However, those data are unreliable and are allegedly misunderstood as Giant oceanic Manta Rays that have strayed into the Mediterranean.

[9] Devil fish inhabit offshore areas to the neritic zone, their range as deep as several thousand meters.

The same study also emphasizes that the rays undergo a species migration across the Mediterranean Sea with the seasons, taking advantage of warm, highly productive waters.

[1] The species is ovoviviparous: the young hatch from their eggs inside the mother's body and emerge later when they are more fully grown.

[1] Devil rays feed on planktonic crustaceans and small schooling fish, which are funneled into the mouth with cephalic flaps.

[5] There are many threats against the giant devil ray such as fishing, resource harvesting (being taken as bycatch in different fisheries), industrial garbage, and solid waste.

[1] The main threats to this species come from pollution in the Mediterranean and bycatch capture in various fishing equipment including trawls, tuna traps, and dragnets meant for swordfish.

It was reclassified as endangered in 2006 due to low population resilience coupled with continued high bycatch mortality.

Mobula mobular