It is the largest railway station in Jharkhand, handling over 100 trains and 100000+ passengers every day.

Grand Chord rail-line that connects Howrah and New Delhi passes through Dhanbad junction.

CIC rail line starts from Dhanbad and ends at Singrauli in Madhya Pradesh.

Dhanbad has a rail connectivity with the other major parts of the country such as Kolkata, Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai, Goa, Jammu, Katpadi, Lucknow, Ahmedabad, Bikaner, Hyderabad, Kochi, Indore, Bhopal, Gwalior, Jabalpur, Jaipur, Firozpur, Nagpur, Pune, Guwahati, Jamshedpur, Patna, Daltonganj, Kolhapur, Bhubaneswar, etc.

The line used to intersect the CIC section, requiring a diamond crossing near Purana Bazar.

This description is from "Gomoh loco shed and CLW trip record" by Samit Roychoudhury.

[5] The East Indian Railway Company extended its lines to Katrasgarh via Dhanbad in 1894.

There is a bus stand just outside the railway station, where buses for nearby cities like Kolkata, Patna, Jamshedpur, Ranchi, Bokaro, Giridih, Asansol and Durgapur are easily available.

Dhanbad along with Ranchi and Jamshedpur were provided with buses under JNNURM scheme, for city transportation.

A lot of people from adjoining districts like Bokaro, Koderma, Giridih come to Dhanbad early morning to catch the 'morning trains' to various destinations like Kolkata, Durgapur, Jamshedpur, Ranchi, Patna, Burdwan and Gaya.

Dhanbad also became the 1st station in the country to have an AC double-decker express running till Howrah Junction which is now discontinued.