According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 2.7 square miles (7.0 km2), all land.

[5] The town's school system was first established in 1907 Located in western McClain County, Dibble lies just north of State Highway 39 and approximately one mile east of State Highway 76.

For much of the nineteenth century the site of the present community existed in the Chickasaw Nation's Pontotoc County.

According to historian George Shirk, John and James Dibble operated a ranch in the area and contributed their name to the town.

In 1902 J. T. Payne platted the townsite, which the Department of Interior approved in November of that year, withholding the land from the Chickasaw allotment process.

In 1911 Polk's Oklahoma Gazetteer estimated a Dibble population of 150 and listed two general stores, a confectioner, a blacksmith, a doctor, and a drugstore.

In 1918 the population dropped to 125, but the town had added a gristmill, a cotton gin, and a feed store, reflecting the emphasis on farming.

In 1936 the Works Progress Administration built an addition to the school, which educated children from the surrounding region.

The school, area petroleum drilling, and agriculture supported Dibble for much of the twentieth century.