The Mouling National Park and the Dibang Wildlife Sanctuary are located fully or partly within this biosphere reserve.

The elevation in the reserve ranges up to more than 5,000 metres (16,000 ft) above sea level.

An important fact relating to this Biosphere reserve is that it has natural vegetation stretching in an unbroken sequence from the tropics to mountain tundra.

The habitat in Dihang-Dibang ranges from tropical wet evergreen in the river gorges to subtropical, temperate, alpine and permanent snow.

Rare mammals such as Mishmi takin, red goral, musk deer (at least two sub-species), red panda, Asiatic black bear, occasional tiger and Gongshan muntjac occur, while among birds there are the rare Sclater's monal and Blyth's tragopan.