1985 Dikarya is a subkingdom of Fungi that includes the divisions Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, both of which in general produce dikaryons, may be filamentous or unicellular, but are always without flagella.

The Dikarya are most of the so-called "higher fungi", but also include many anamorphic species that would have been classified as molds in historical literature.

[5] The 2007 classification of Kingdom Fungi is the result of a large-scale collaborative research effort involving dozens of mycologists and other scientists working on fungal taxonomy.

Nucleariids Microsporidia Chytridiomycota Neocallimastigomycota Blastocladiomycota Zoopagomycotina Kickxellomycotina Entomophthoromycotina Mucoromycotina Glomeromycota Ascomycota Basidiomycota The phylum Ascomycota, or sac fungus, is characterized by formation of meiotic spores called ascospores enclosed in a special sac called an ascus.

Sexual reproduction has been proposed to have evolved in both the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota as an adaptation for repair of DNA damage via homologous recombination under stressful conditions.