In the following years, Vlahov was politically active as a deputy in the Ottoman Parliament as a representative of the People's Federative Party (Bulgarian Section).

During the Balkan Wars, on the recommendation of Simeon Radev, he was appointed head of the consular department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Sofia.

When IMRO was re-established in 1920, Vlahov was elected as an alternate member of its Central Committee, representing the left wing.

Vlahov assisted in the adoption of the so called May Manifesto on the formation of a Balkan Communist Federation and cooperation with the Soviet Union.

After the subsequent rift between the Organization and the Comintern, the new leadership led by Ivan Mihailov excluded him from IMRO and he was sentenced to death.

[3] In 1932 members of IMRO (United), put for the first time the issue of the recognition of a separate Macedonian nation in a lecture in Moscow.

[4] The question was also studied in the highest institutions of the Comintern and in the autumn of 1933, Dimitar Vlahov arrived in Moscow and took part in a number of meetings.

[6] From 1936 to 1944, Vlahov lived in the Soviet Union and in late 1944 he went to the new Yugoslavia with Socialist Republic of Macedonia, where he worked in high state and political positions.

In November 1943, Vlahov participated in the Second Session of the Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia and was elected in the presidium representing Aegean Macedonia.