Dini Ya Msambwa

[1] It is practiced primarily among speakers of the Luhya language of Western Kenya.

Among other things, it criticized the undermining, by the British colonial government, of elder authority and of the cultural values that had held Kenyan peoples together for ages.

The following year the Bukusu killed 25 soldiers of the Sudanese garrison and a punitive expedition was undertaken against them.

Left in a spiritual vacuum, many Bukusu and Luhya, insecure in the rapidly-changing world, gravitated naturally into Christianity.

After Kenyan independence in 1968, Dini ya Msambwa was declared illegal and Masinde was arrested for fomenting hatred of the Christian religion.

Masaba cave shrine
Shrine of Elijah Masinde