The Diocese of Berlin and Germany (German: Berliner Diözese der Russischen Orthodoxen Kirche, Russian: Берлинская и Германская епархия Русской православной церкви) is an eparchy of the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC), Moscow Patriarchate, uniting parishes on the territory of Germany.

On 8 April 1921, Patriarch Tikhon, citing the regulation of the Highest Church Authority from 19 November 1920, assigned archbishop Eulogius (Georgiyevsky), one of many Russian emigres, the leadership of Western Europe.

Under Eulogius, Russian Orthodox communities were founded in Berlin, Tegel, Dresden, Wiesbaden, Bad Kissingen, Baden-Baden and Hamburg.

After the signing of the peace treaty between the Soviet Union and Germany, the independence from the German government resulted in the handover of churches to the Russian parishes.

For example, prior to the peace treaty the liturgy in Berlin was performed at the former St. Vladimir ambassador church, but the Soviet regime closed the building and the parish had to use private rooms.

After Adolf Hitler's coming to power in 1933, the government exerted pressure to the parishes of Eulogius, who on 10 June 1931 was dismissed by Sergius (Stragorodsky) and later changed the jurisdiction to the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, and ordered to subordinate to the bishop of Berlin Tikhon (Lyashchenko).

Since October 1946, Eastern Orthodox parishes of the Moscow Patriarchate in Germany joined the newly formed Middle-European Exarchate of ROC, which was headed by archbishop Sergius (Korolyov).

On 11 November 1954, German parishes joined the West-European Exarchate of ROC, following the Holy Synod ruling "Deaneries of Russian Orthodox churches in Germany".