An Order in Council of 1837 transferred the Archdeaconry of Buckingham from the Diocese of Lincoln.

In 2013 and 2014, the Diocese of Oxford discussed and resolved to undertake some pastoral alterations; the new archdeaconry of Dorchester was created on 1 March 2014.

[2] On 3 March 2014, it was announced that Judy French would become the first Archdeacon of Dorchester from June 2014.

Conservative evangelicals who reject the ordination and/or leadership of women due to complementarian beliefs, receive alternative episcopal oversight from the Bishop of Ebbsfleet.

Several retired bishops resident in or near the diocese are licensed to serve as honorary assistant bishops.As of 20 September 2021[update]: George Carey (retired Archbishop of Canterbury) lives in the diocese and was an honorary assistant bishop,[9] but resigned his licence following his implication in the Peter Ball abuse case,[10] and Humphrey Southern, former Bishop suffragan of Repton, is the Principal of Ripon College Cuddesdon.