Great Moscow Synod of 1666-1667 made the decision on the elevation of the Archdiocese of Ryazan into metropolia status and establishing within it two dioceses - Tambov and Voronezh.

Many churches were built during ruling of st Mitrophanes, monastic life and charity were organized.

As a result of a territorial dispute with the bishop of Ryazan, which was approved by Tsar Peter I of Russia in 1699 in favor of the Diocese of Voronezh, the latter were given towns: Usman, Demshinsk, Belokolodsk and village Morky Buyerak.

In the years 1700-1704 from the Diocese of Voronezh was a short-term Azov to the newly allocated to the southern lands.

Contrary to this, the area of the Voronezh diocese was expanded even more — in 1718-1720, lands along the Don and Khopyor rivers were transferred to it from the Patriarchal Oblast, and in 1720 parts of the Ryazan department were annexed.

In 1934, part of the Voronezh diocese, including the newly formed region of Belgorod, Kursk walked to the lectern.

In 1954, the Voronezh diocese included the territory of the newly Lipetsk region, Saratov and Rostov dioceses were transferred to the newly formed land Balashovskaya Kamensky and regions.