Some research has been done to assess the practicality of this application in U.S. markets due to different typical space designs[1] and application in hot and humid climates, as well as research to assess the potential indoor environmental quality and energy-saving benefits of this strategy in the U.S. and elsewhere.
Displacement ventilation has been applied in many famous building such as the Suvarnabhumi International Airport in Bangkok, Thailand, the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Flight Projects Center building,[6][7] and the San Francisco International Airport[8][9] Terminal 2 among other applications.
The thermal plumes and supply air from diffusers, which determines the velocity of airflow at floor level, play an important role in DV systems.
Due to the unique properties of thermal stratification, displacement ventilation is typically used for cooling rather than for heating.
[2] Standard mixing ventilation may be better suited for smaller spaces where air quality is not as great a concern, such as single-occupant offices, and where the room height is not tall (e.g., lower than 2.3 meters [7.5 feet]).
Displacement ventilation can be a cause of discomfort due to the large vertical temperature gradient and drafts.
[13][14] Small aqueous droplets containing infectious nuclei are frequently released in hospital rooms and other indoor spaces, and tend to settle through the ambient air at a speed of order 1–10 mm/s typically.
[13] In warmer climates or seasons, large-scale instabilities in the concentration of contaminants may occur within a space with downward displacement ventilation.
[1] However, for the evaluation of energy consumption of displacement ventilation, the numerical simulation is the main method, since yearly measurements are too expensive and time consuming.
Step 3) Determine the required flow rate of the supply air for summer cooling.