Dmitri Anatolyevich Afanasenkov (Russian: Дмитрий Анатольевич Афанасенков; born May 12, 1980) is a Russian former professional ice hockey player who played in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Tampa Bay Lightning and the Philadelphia Flyers.

Until the 2003–04 NHL season, he would split his time between the Lightning and their farm team.

Following the lockout, he returned to the Lightning, but with the presence of Vincent Lecavalier, Martin St. Louis, and Brad Richards, he had limited playing time.

He did not put up the numbers he could, and so, on December 30, 2006, the Lightning waived him and he was picked up by the Philadelphia Flyers.

While in Philadelphia, Afanasenkov picked up the nickname "The Shark", scoring 15 points (8 goals, 7 assists) in 41 games with the Flyers.