Barkov made his debut in the Russian Second Division for Karelia Petrozavodsk on 18 April 2011 in a game against Petrotrest St.

[1] Barkov scored a hat-trick during Narva Trans' 14–0 first round Estonian Cup victory over SK Eestimaa Kasakad.

[2] In January 2017, Barkov went on trial with Tajik Champions Istiklol, scoring twice in their friendly victory over CSKA Pamir Dushanbe.

[4] A year later, in January 2018, Barkov went on trial with Lokomotiv Tashkent,[5] before returning to Narva Trans on a one-year contract in February 2018.

[7] Barkov made his Russian Premier League debut for Baltika Kaliningrad on 23 July 2023 in a game against Sochi.