Jean-Dominique Barthélemy OP (16 May 1921, Pallet — 10 February 2002, Freiburg), was a emeritus French professor, Dominican priest and biblical scholar.

[1] It was at the French Biblical and Archaeological School of Jerusalem that he began to work as a university teacher and researcher.

[1] He studied the Dead Sea Scrolls, and in collaboration with Józef Milik, he published manuscript fragments found in Qumran Cave 1[3] From 1957 to 1991 he then became Professor of Old Testament at the Theological Faculty University of Fribourg, Switzerland, and from 1964 to 1965 he was dean of the Theology Faculty.

[2][3] From 1953 he was interested in small fragments of the minor prophets (8HevXII gr), and published in 1963 Les Devanciers d'Aquila ("The Predecessors of Aquila"), in which he brings revolutionary assumptions about revisions and Greek translations of the Old Testament.

[3][4][5] During the years 1969-1980, he served on the Hebrew Old Testament Text Project committee, "research[ing] the pertinent history of exegesis of each [Hebrew Bible text critical] problem up to the modern critical period.