A 1954 Resolution of the Council of Ministers of 13 November approved the proposal of the Main Directorate of the Civil Air Fleet under the Council of Ministers of the USSR on the construction of the second airport of the Moscow civil air fleet near the village Elgazino Podolsky (now Domodedovo) Moscow Oblast.

The airport, intended to handle the growth of long-distance domestic traffic in the Soviet Union, was officially opened in May 1965.

As a result of this work Domodedovo airport terminal was the first in Russia to successfully pass the certification to ISO 9001:2000.

In 2003, the authoritative British magazine Airline Business recognized the growth in Domodedovo's passenger traffic as one of the highest among the 150 largest airports in the world.

The approval signifies that its operations areas comply with size and strength requirements of ICAO Category F standards.

In 2004, Muslim suicide bombers managed to pass airport security, board two passenger planes, and carry out the bombings after departure from Domodedovo.

Despite the heightened security measures taken after this incident, another suicide bomber attack occurred on 24 January 2011, when an Islamist militant entered the terminal building and detonated a bomb in the arrival hall.

In 2011 during the run-up for the IPO the holding company published information about the final beneficiary at the London Stock Exchange website and specified Kamenshchik as its sole owner.

[citation needed] The project is implemented within the framework of the architectural concept UNDER ONE ROOF: a single terminal allows the most efficient use of the transfer potential of the airport complex.

The number of jetways increased to 40, including dual ones for servicing large-capacity aircraft, after the opening of the new segment of the passenger terminal (T2).

An area of 235,000 square metres (2,530,000 sq ft) (segment T2) was mounted to the left wing of the existing terminal.

As a result, the total area of the passenger terminal (including the expansion of the current main segment T1) was more than doubled to nearly 500,000 square metres (5,400,000 sq ft).

[10] It was designed by the British company RMJM and uses the under-the-roof concept, which means that passengers from all flights will be serviced within a single terminal.

During 2018, terminal staff worked only in specific arrival and departure zones for football fans, travelling with special fan-centered passports.

[12] Moscow Domodedovo Airport has commissioned a new segment of the passenger terminal – T2, increasing the area of the air harbor to almost 500,000 square metres (5,400,000 sq ft).

Family Service guests have access to playrooms, bedrooms and changing room, as well as a dining area with kitchen.

[18] The first in Russia consultative and diagnostic clinic based on the airport's medical center is located in the new segment of the passenger terminal.

Other airlines from the European Union, North America, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, South Korea, Japan, Taiwan and Singapore have indefinitely suspended their services to Domodedovo.

The terminal itself is accessed from the junction of Moscow Ring Road and Kashirskoye Highway via a designated 22 kilometer (14 mi) four-lane freeway.

Passengers can use the services of a licensed taxi, popular mobile applications for ordering a car, as well as take a carsharing located in the parking P3.