Robert Douglas Melvin (born August 8, 1952) is a Canadian front-office executive in Major League Baseball (MLB) who previously served as the general manager of the Texas Rangers (1995–2001) and Milwaukee Brewers (2002–2015).

In 2007, he ended the franchise's 15-year streak of losing seasons when the Brewers finished above .500, although a late-season slide eliminated them from the NL Central and wild-card races.

In 2008, Melvin moved the Brewers into Wild Card and, briefly, NL Central contention with his bold, mid-season pickup of pitcher CC Sabathia, but another late-season losing streak, which left the Brewers out of contention for their division title and tied for the NL Wild Card, caused Melvin and club owner Mark Attanasio to fire manager Ned Yost with 12 games left in the regular season.

Along with starters Yovani Gallardo, Randy Wolf, Chris Narveson, the newly acquired Greinke and Marcum pitched considerably more victories than the Brewers' starting pitchers the year before.

Along with Rodriguez, Melvin obtained veteran infielder, Jerry Hairston Jr., who provided timely hitting to bolster an already-solid Milwaukee Brewer offense.

With Nyjer Morgan's game-winning hit against the Arizona Diamondbacks in a dramatic tenth inning, the Brewers won the divisional playoff series on October 7, 2011.