Duchess Maria Dorothea of Württemberg (Maria Dorothea Luise Wilhelmine Caroline; 1 November 1797 in Carlsruhe (now Pokój), Silesia – 30 March 1855 in Pest, Hungary) was the daughter of Duke Louis of Württemberg (1756–1817) and Princess Henriette of Nassau-Weilburg (1780–1857).

[citation needed] Maria Dorothea was the eldest of five children born to Duke Louis of Württemberg and his second wife Princess Henriette of Nassau-Weilburg.

Her brother Alexander was the grandfather of Mary of Teck, the future queen consort of George V of the United Kingdom, Thus, Maria Dorothea was the great-aunt of queen consort Mary of United Kingdom.

She was tutored by her governess, the known memoirist Alexandrine des Écherolles, who described her pupils in her memoirs.

[1] She was the third wife of Archduke Joseph, Palatine of Hungary, to whom she was married on 24 August 1819.