Sir Dudley Ryder, PC (4 November 1691 – 25 May 1756) was an English lawyer, writer and politician who sat in the British House of Commons from 1733 until 1754 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the King's Bench.

He went to the Middle Temple in 1713 (where he kept a diary from 1715 to 1716, in which he minutely recorded “whatever occurs to me in the day worth observing”).

On 2 May 1754 he was made a Privy Councillor and Chief Justice of the King's Bench, a post he held until his death.

A patent creating him a peer was signed by the King on 24 May 1756, but Ryder died the following day and was in no position to kiss hands to take it up.

[1] Horace Walpole thought Ryder "a man of singular goodness and integrity; of the highest reputation in his profession, of the lowest in the House, where he wearied the audience by the multiplicity of his arguments; resembling the physician who ordered a medicine to be composed of all the simples in a meadow, as there must be some of them at least that would be proper".