Prince Jiang (將), a son of Duke Ding of Lu, succeeded him upon his death in 495 BC.
A Lu expedition against it in 494 BC ended with Zhu ceding the lands between Guo (漷) and Yi (沂) Rivers in the following year.
When Bo Pi questioned Zigong of Jisun Fei's choice, he replied: We act out of fear for your great domain.
The woman told the truth to her brother Jisun Fei, who dared not send her to Qi, fearing Duke Dao's discovery of the affair.
In spring 485 BC, Lu joined an alliance lead by Wu to attack the southern borders of Qi.
Duke Ai sent Guo Shu's head back to Qi in a new and well-decorated box with a note saying:If Heaven did not recognize the unjust, then for what purpose did it employ the domain below?
In 484 BC, Confucius returned to Lu under Jisun Fei's invitation, ending his fourteen-year long exile.
In spring 483 BC, Jisun Fei implemented a new military requisition policy, which mandated taxation by land holding instead of by district.
Confucius opposed such policy, citing that it was incongruent with the convention and norms set by the Duke of Zhou.
In giving he tends to liberality, in undertaking affairs he upholds moderation, and in collecting taxes he pursues thriftiness.
If he does not take his measure from ritual propriety but covets without satiety, then even if he taxes according to landholdings, it will still not be satisfactory.
In spring 480 BC, Cheng (郕), the seat of power of the Shusun clan (one of the Three Huan), revolted and defected to Qi.
Zigong commented that Duke Ai's non-employment of Confucius while he was alive while eulogizing him after his death was not ritually proper.
Furthermore, he noted that Duke Ai used the wording "one man" (一人) while referring to himself, which, too, was not ritually proper, as only the Son of Heaven may do so.
In summer 474 BC, Lu established diplomatic relations with Yue, a reviving state to the south of Wu lead by King Goujian.
During the welcome feast, Mengsun Zhi insulted Guo Chong (郭重), Duke Ai's chariot driver, by publicly asking why he is fat.
Jisun Fei tried to defuse the situation by asking Mengsun Zhi to "punish" himself by drinking some more wine and saying,Because the domain of Lu is in such close proximity to its enemy, we subjects did not have an opportunity to follow our lord and were able to avoid the long journey.
In autumn 468 BC, Duke Ai attempted to depose the Three Huan and regain authority through the forces of Yue.
The plot failed, and Duke Ai sought refuge in the house of Lu official Gongsun Youshan (公孫有山) while the forces of the Three Huan attacked him.