The 7,060 acres (2,860 ha) Duke Forest is made up of six divisions which are fully accessible for teaching and research.
After about a century of such management, the soils' native fertility was exhausted, and could no longer create the yields necessary to support farmers.
Pioneer species such as loblolly pine, yellow poplar, and sweetgum quickly colonized these abandoned farm fields.
The Forest initially supported the teaching and research activities of the newly created Duke School of Forestry.
Limited public access, including biking, hiking, and horseback riding, is allowed on established forest roads as long as it does not conflict with research and teaching activities.